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Technical Paper

22M-0156, Loading Classification for Fatigue Design Applied to Automotive Time-Series

2022-03-29
2022-01-0254
This study focuses on variable amplitude loadings applied to automotive chassis parts experiencing carmaker’s specific proving grounds. They are measured with respect to time at the wheel centres and composed of the six forces and torques at each wheel, within the standard vehicle reference frame. In the scope of high cycle fatigue, the loadings considered are supposedly acting under the structure yield stress. Among the loadings encountered during the vehicle lifetime, two classes stand out: Driven Road: loads measured during the vehicle manoeuvre; Random Road: loads mainly coming from the road asperity. To separate both effects, a frequency decomposition method is proposed before applying any lifetime assessment methods. The usual Rainflow counting method is applied to the Driven Road signal. These loadings, depending on the vehicle dynamics, are time-correlated. Thus, the load spectra is set only thanks to the vehicle accelerations time-measurement.
Technical Paper

26 X 6.6 Radial-Belted Aircraft Tire Performance

1991-09-01
912157
Preliminary results from testing of 26 X 6.6 radial-belted and bias-ply aircraft tires at NASA Langley's Aircraft Landing Dynamics Facility (ALDF) are reviewed. These tire tests are part of a larger, on going joint NASA/FAA/Industry Surface Traction and Radial Tire (START) Program involving three different tire sizes. The 26 X 6.6 tire size evaluation includes cornering performance tests throughout the aircraft ground operational speed range for both dry and wet runway surfaces. Static test results to define 26 X 6.6 tire vertical stiffness properties are also presented and discussed.
Standard

265°F Vacuum Cure, Epoxy Prepregs

2017-11-08
WIP
AMS6566
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of a defined material corresponding to statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17. This material is intended for use in laminate applications with a service temperature up to 180 °F. They are typically used in structural applications requiring high strength and stiffness. This is the base specification and it will have one slash/detail specs.
Standard

265°F Vacuum Cure, Epoxy Prepregs Type 42, Class 2, Grade 193, Style 12K-193-SFP-OSI

2017-11-10
WIP
AMS6566/1
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of a defined material corresponding to statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17. This material is intended for use in laminate applications with a service temperature up to 180 °F. They are typically used in structural applications requiring high strength and stiffness. This is the base specification and it will have one slash/detail specs.
Standard

265°F, Autoclave Vacuum Bag Cure, Epoxy Prepreg, Type 33, Class 1, Grade 148, Intermediate Modulus Carbon Fiber

2017-11-10
WIP
AMS6568/1
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of a defined material corresponding to statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17. This material is intended for use in laminate applications with a service temperature up to 180 °F. They are typically used in structural applications requiring high strength and stiffness. This is the base specification and it will have three slash/detail specs.
Standard

265°F, Autoclave Vacuum Bag Cure, Epoxy Prepreg, Type 40, Class 2, Grade 195, Style 3K-PW, Standard Modulus Carbon Fiber

2017-11-10
WIP
AMS6568/2
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of a defined material corresponding to statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17. This material is intended for use in laminate applications with a service temperature up to 180 °F. They are typically used in structural applications requiring high strength and stiffness.
Standard

265°F, Autoclave Vacuum Bag Cure, Epoxy Prepregs

2017-11-08
WIP
AMS6568
The purpose of this specification is to allow procurement of a defined material corresponding to statistically derived material properties published in CMH-17. This material is intended for use in laminate applications with a service temperature up to 180 °F. They are typically used in structural applications requiring high strength and stiffness. This is the base specification and it will have three slash/detail specs.
Technical Paper

3-Dimensional Modeling of the Regeneration in SiC Particulate Filters

2005-04-11
2005-01-0953
In order to use modeling as a predictive tool for real-world particulate filter designs (segmented filters, non-axisymmetric designs), it is necessary to develop reliable 3-dimensional models. This paper presents a 3 d modeling approach, which is validated against engine-bench measurements with both FBC and CDPF systems. Special emphasis is given to the prediction of the transient inlet flow distribution, which is realized without resorting to external CFD software. The experimental and modeling results illustrate the 3-d nature of the problem, induced by the heat capacity and conductivity effects of the cement layers. It is possible to predict the localization of regeneration in certain areas of the filter (partial regeneration), as a result of poor heat transfer to thermally isolated regions in the filter. The accuracy of the model was validated by extensive comparisons with temperature measurements in 30 positions inside the filters and at various operating conditions.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 35, Class 1, Grade 190, Fiber 1

2019-03-12
WIP
AMS3961/3A
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 35, Class 1, Grade 190, Fiber 1

2015-12-02
CURRENT
AMS3961/3
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 35, Class 1, Grade 190, Fiber 2

2015-12-02
CURRENT
AMS3961/2
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 35, Class 1, Grade 190, Fiber 2

2019-03-12
WIP
AMS3961/2A
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 38, Class 2, Grade 193, Style 3K-70-PW, Fiber 1

2015-12-02
CURRENT
AMS3961/1
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Standard

350 °F Autoclave Cure, Low Flow Toughened Epoxy Prepregs, Type 38, Class 2, Grade 193, Style 3K-70-PW, Fiber 1

2019-03-12
WIP
AMS3961/1A
The intent of this specification is for the procurement of the material listed on the QPL and, therefore, no qualification or equivalency threshold values are provided. Users that intend to conduct a new material qualification or equivalency program shall refer to the Quality Assurance section of the base specification, AMS3961. All material qualification and equivalency data has been archived and is available for review upon request. Contact the CMH-17 Secretariat (www.cmh17.org) for additional information.
Technical Paper

3D Aeroacoustics Simulation of a Complete Bus Exhaust System

2012-11-25
2012-36-0632
Health related problems in over populated areas are a major concern and as such, there are specific legislations for noise generated by transport vehicles. In diesel powered commercial vehicles, the source for noise are mainly related to rolling, transmission, aerodynamics and engine. Considering internal combustion engine, three factors can be highlighted as major noise source: combustion, mechanical and tailpipe. The tailpipe noise is considered as the noise radiated from the open terminations of intake and exhaust systems, caused by both pressure pulses propagating to the open ends of the duct systems, and by vortex shedding as the burst leaves the tailpipe (flow generated noise). In order to reduce noise generated by vehicles, it is important to investigate the gas interactions and what can be improved in exhaust line design during the product development phase.
Technical Paper

3D Design and Surface Mapping of Disc Brake Pad for High Speed Train Using FEA

2018-04-03
2018-01-0841
Recurrently, the increase in production of high-speed trains worldwide has become a confirmed fact. Seeking to use the high-speed trains locally to link the capital of Egypt “Cairo” with the new industrial cities has become a national requirement. Modeling 3D surface maps using finite element analysis (FEA) is one of the most important mechanical design tools for frictional parts to facilitate the manufacture of brake systems for heavy duty vehicles, especially high-speed trains due to difficult working conditions. In this paper, we presented simulate 3D surface maps for proposed frictional material pad using FEA at certain design parameters and experimental result conductions. The typical surface characteristics of disc brake pad are compared with commonly used materials in railway and vehicle brakes in Egypt.
Technical Paper

3D Engine Analysis and MLS Cylinder Head Gaskets Design

2002-03-04
2002-01-0663
Multi-layer steel (MLS) cylinder head gaskets are becoming more widely used to seal an engine. Therefore, it is important to understand the interaction between the engine head, block and head gasket. While experimental methods for determining necessary gasket tightening loads and experimental data relating some gasket design parameters to failure are available, it is very costly and time consuming. A numerical method, such as the finite element (FE) method, has proven to be very useful and efficient in aiding gasket design. A 3D engine FE analysis can predict a number of parameters. Of particular interest are the motion as well as the contact profile of the head, block and gasket. This information, usually difficult or impossible to obtain from a 2D FE analysis, can be used to predict the two most common failure modes of a gasket, fatigue crack and leakage.
Technical Paper

3D Heat Transfer Analysis of a Moving Heat Source

2005-04-11
2005-01-1246
The paper will model a welding process as a moving heat source through the work piece and investigate the effectiveness of various pre-heating mechanisms, including moving heat sources and the thermal strips. The reduction of thermal conductivity in the material around the tool due to rising temperature will be considered in the study. The paper represents an initial attempt to develop a nonlinear, time-discontinuous, p-version Galerkin method for the study of thermal effects in the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process. Numerical results and the topics for further studies are presented.
Technical Paper

3rd Generation AHSS Virtual and Physical Stamping Evaluation

2020-04-14
2020-01-0757
Developing lightweight, stiff and crash-resistant vehicle body structures requires a balance between part geometry and material properties. High strength materials suitable for crash resistance impose geometry limitations on depth of draw, radii and wall angles that reduce geometric efficiency. The introduction of 3rd generation Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) can potentially change the relationship between strength and geometry and enable simultaneous improvements in both. This paper will demonstrate applicability of 3rd generation AHSS with higher strength and ductility to replace the 780 MPa Dual Phase steel in a sill reinforcement on the current Jeep Cherokee. The focus will be on formability, beginning with virtual simulation and continuing through a demonstration run on the current production stamping tools and press.
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